Stress triggers warning bells in the brain, which in turn reacts by preparing the body for a defensive action. The central nervous system is stimulated and hormones are released to heighten the senses, quicken the pulse rate, deepen respiration, and tense the muscles. This reaction which is sometimes called the fight or flight response is important because it allows us defend against threatening situations. The reaction is basically hardwired into the brain  biologically. Everyone responds in much the same way, regardless of whether the stressful situation is at school work or home.

Small occasional doses of stress usually can not be avoided and do not pose a risk. But when stressful situations go unchecked, the body is kept in a constant state of activation, which increases the rate of wear and tear to biological systems. Ultimately, fatigue or damage results, and the ability of the body to repair and defend itself can become seriously compromised. As a result, the risk of injury or disease escalates.

During the past 20 years, many studies have looked at the link between job stress and a host of ailments. Mood and sleep disturbances, upset stomach and headache, and disturbed relationships with family and friends are examples of stress-related problems that are quick to develop and are commonly seen in these studies. These warning signs of job stress are usually fairly easy to recognize. But the effects of job stress on chronic diseases are more difficult to see because chronic diseases take a long time to develop and can be influenced by many factors other than stress. Nevertheless, uncontrolled stress and anxiety should not be overlooked. The health risks can be severe and should be given attention to avoid promoting more serious illnesses and disorders.